Horizontal Violence in the Workplace Research Paper

Flat Violence in the Workplace - Research Paper Example Determination A. Explanatory rundown B. Proposal proclamation revamped C. Closing proclamation Horizontal Violence Definition: Horizontal viciousness is characterized as the hostile conduct by an individual or individuals towards another individual or a gathering of individuals. It is can be delegated a demonstration of tormenting, which is today answered to be broad among the medical caretakers and human services experts. As indicated by Yildirim (2009), it is an unsatisfactory endemic present in the working environment culture. Yildirim’s see is that all individuals in associations should address this issue as a gathering so as to kill this inconvenient conduct. Moreover, it tends to be seen as a between bunch struggle at work which might be showed in hid or unconcealed antagonistic conduct. At the point when the term â€Å"horizontal violence† is applied in the nursing calling, it along these lines characterizes a medical attendant to nurture animosity. This savagery might be as nonverbal or verbal conduct. Vartia (2001) states that it alludes to circumstances where an individual is exposed to a repetitive and enduring antagonistic act which is abusing. The individuals who are focused on have low fearlessness when contrasted with the individuals who are not targets. Theory proclamation: From a principled viewpoint, enduring harassing conduct isn't right and it abuses the fundamental pledge of keeping patients wellbeing. Working environment Perception of Bullying There are various perspectives that exist at work with respect to why a few laborers are tormented and why individuals menace others. The apparent thought at work is that the individuals who menace do it since it advances their individual sentiments. Menaces see that they can utilize their situations, for people with great influence, over the individuals who might be powerless. The apparent control of the domineering jerk over the casualty might be the way in to this demonstration. An i ndividual saw by others to be distinctive might be presented to some type of harassing acts. In situations where an association or certain people see others as a danger, there are expanded odds of tormenting. Furthermore, view of harassing or even savagery at work may likewise be affected by the way of life in the association. At the point when an organization’s culture is certain, laborers embrace legitimate conduct. Be that as it may, when the way of life in the firm is negative, workers’ mentalities towards new and various people are unseemly. Indications of Work Place Bullying The impeding impacts of mental remorselessness may start to show up because of aggregate wounds that may logically develop in a person, for this situation an attendant. These are signs that tormenting is occurring grinding away, among the wellbeing experts. Among the medical caretakers, indications of tormenting range from attendants finding their undertakings amazingly troublesome, low confi dence, to attendants with poor objectives (Vartia, 2001). As indicated by Yildirim (2009), indications of a tormented laborer or attendant include: diminished inspiration at work, low profitability, decreased focus length, poor responsibility to work and their associations with the administrators, partners and patients are incredibly poor. In the event that these signs are not distinguished before, they are well on the way to overflow to different medical caretakers at work, subsequently consuming a serene working environment condition though wellbeing couldn't care less experts. The outrage that a medical attendant may feel towards an associate who menaces might be diverted to activities that are not valuable. Thomas (2009) states that weakness, melancholy and physical medical issues are a portion of the signs delineated. Through his exploration, he likewise found that among

The Corrupt Practices of the Police and Correctional Systems Assignment

The Corrupt Practices of the Police and Correctional Systems - Assignment Example IV. Restorative Facility Violence. A. Reasons for Correctional Facility Violence. B. Sorts of Correctional Facility Violence. V. Suggestions. A. Suggestions on Police Corruption and Violence. B. Proposals on Correctional Facility Violence. VI. End. The Corrupt Practices of the Police and Correctional Systems Abstract Despite many announced enhancements that have been made in the previous barely any years the American Police and Correctional System remains saturated with difficult issues including savagery, defilement and an endemic culture of severity that tragically proceeds to unreasonably target and mischief particularly minorities. Since the exceptionally announced audacious police severity caught on film being dispensed on Rodney King in Los Angeles over 10 years back in 1992, there still keep on being numerous reports of examples of law authorization authorities utilizing undue power on regular citizens either while capturing them, after they have been captured and keeping in m ind that being grilled. The way of life of savagery proceeds into the remedial organizations where jail authorities consistently brutalize prisoners. The police powers in numerous states additionally keep on being amidst defilement and profoundly distressing work conditions that to an incredible degree likewise add to this savagery. Presentation Working as a cop has for some time been viewed as an honorable and conciliatory business as well as one that carries with it a demanding, high octane and some of the time profoundly perilous occupation. It requires a commitment that goes a long ways past numerous non-open disapproved of residents and can be an unpleasant, ceaseless undertaking for which numerous officials get almost no acknowledgment, regardless of the reality they are generally out there risking their life and appendage truly of fire day in day out. There is countless cops and remedial office minders who play out their obligations with a high level of respectability, trustw orthiness and commitment. Sadly, there are as yet various cops of all positions in the police powers all through the nation who have capitulated to the weights of their employments and the pressure it exacts on them to turn to degenerate and rough conduct that keeps on being accounted for (Carter, 2012). Defilement and Violence According to a regular police officer’s code of morals that individuals from the police power are legally necessary to submit to, one of the key prerequisites is that they should out their obligations with a high level of honesty, a lot of decency and in an absolutely fair manner. They are likewise expected to guarantee that they don't surpass their power or disregard the sacred privileges of any individual (Florida Department of Law Enforcement, n.d.). However one needs just gander at the every day press to see the steady updates on cops breaking every one of these fundamental standards. In April, 2013, a previous New York investigator resigned and su ed the NYPD, asserting that the department’s inward undertakings office †their own unit for giving over the activities of the office †for oppression her due to her race and for being not able or reluctant to handle the defilement in the office (Marzulli, 2013). In October another NYPD official, on being condemned for crime allegations of social liberties infringement said in open court that the NYPD was the most degenerate police division on the planet (Signore, 2012). Many police offices are tormented by an endemic defilement that has since quite a while ago endured in many police offices, for example, the NYPD and the Chicago Police Department (CPD). The

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Alienation As The Reason For Berenger s Resistance

Differing from Kafka, Ionesco uses the theme of alienation as the reason for Berenger’s resistance, in Rhinoceros. Alcoholism is a major cause of his alienation, in Act Three, Berenger considers alcohol as the reason for his isolation and subsequent inability to transform. When conversing with Dudard, he says ‘[A]lcohol is good for epidemics. It immunizes you †¦ Jean never touched alcohol. He just pretended to. Maybe that’s why he†¦ perhaps that explains his attitude’ (Ionesco 1960: 76). This insinuates that Berenger understands why he does not transform into rhinoceros, identifying his own alienation. ‘Only his drinking serves to inoculate him from this epidemic and from the side effect of this epidemic, the powerful loneliness inherent in†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœIonesco blamed the world around him for giving him nightmares, thus suggesting that his fiction was inspired by reality. He went on to say that the very act of denounc ing the nightmare may free the world of them’ (Lupas 2014: 87). Berenger attempts to actively resist the nightmare of transforming, but fails, leaving him alone in a world of rhinoceros. Thus, Ionesco represents the rhinoceros as history’s ultimate nightmare. The relationship between Berenger and Jean is also important in highlighting the protagonist’s alienation. In the opening of the play, Berenger is described as ‘unshaven and hatless, with unkempt hair and creased clothes; everything about him indicates negligence’ (Ionesco 1960: 4). He is compared to the character of Jean, who arrives ‘very fastidiously dressed: brown suit, red tie, stiff collar, brown hat’ (4). Jean’s appearance sets him as a stereotypical man of the time, contrasting with Berenger, who is an untidy, alcoholic that cannot conform to social expectations. ‘From the outset we find little in Berenger s life that would appear to be worth defending’ (Danner 1979: 209). The absence of hope in Berenger, at the beginning, immediately alienates him from the rest of the characters. Ionesco’s emphasis on work as a duty to society runs throughout the play. ‘Berenger is consistently late for work at a publisher s shop. He resists the conformity of punching a time clock’ (Davies 2002: 646). Berenger’s apathy towards work is what makes himShow MoreRelatedMetamorphosis And Rhinoceros : Conformity Through The Representation Of Animals Essay1845 Words   |  8 Pagesanimals representing humans are crucial to the themes of alienation and resistance in these texts. Kafka uses animals to alienate Gregor from conforming to society. Arguably, the metamorphosis is the only way for Gregor to resist conforming, showing that Kafka represents animals as a physical rejection of conformist lifestyle. Comparably, Ionesco uses animals in the opposite way to Kafka. On one hand, he portrays Berenger’s alienation as a reason for resisting conformity. On the other, Ionesco explores

Personal Narrative My Life Choices - 895 Words

My Life Choices â€Å"Your life is a reflection of the choices you make. Even events you don’t control, reflect your choices in how you respond. If you want to improve your life, improve how you make choices. Try to mindfully make decisions which are inspired by open-mindedness, high integrity and long-term thinking.† Karen Salmansohn I was born in Pakistan and lived there until the age of 15. In 2001, my father and our whole family got the visa to come to the USA. Consequently, for the sake of all of us, he decided to move to the USA. We all moved to California in 2002. I have three brothers and one sister. My sister got married in Pakistan before we moved to California. In 2007, I married my husband and I went back to Pakistan for a few months. I had my son in 2009 and my daughter in 2012. I moved from California to New Jersey in 2013. My husband works as a store manager at Family Dollar. Sometimes he works 60 - 80 hours in a week. I stay at home to take care of my 2 kids. I could not imagine what I am intent to share. I am about to discuss a very intimate part of my life. It is an aspect I seldom share with others. By now I have played the role of wife to my husband and mother to my children. My journey began to a new me in 2009 when my older son was born. He looked like a normal newborn. I had many difficulti es in the coming months with him. I started to get a little scared when I looked at other children his age, he seemed to be very much behind in many areas. I tried toShow MoreRelatedComparsion of Voltaire and Gronniosaw ´s Philosophy Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesvery different. Candide is a philosophical satirical novel that ingeniously shakes the misinterpretation of doctrinal optimism. Whilst A Narrative of the Life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw written by himself, (For the purpose of this essay, ‘A Narrative.’) is an autobiographical, and spiritual account of Gronniosaw’s Journey. This essay will look at the narrative techniques and the distinctive features of the language used in both extracts. (Voltaire, Gronniosaw, A230, Assessment Guide, 2013)Read MoreThe Narrative Theory / Paradigm1477 Words   |  6 PagesThe narrative theory/paradigm states that everything we do can be laid out as a story (Fisher, 1984). The main points of the theory/paradig m are the following: humans are essentially storytellers; decisions that humans make are based off of good reasons rather than proof; what we do and how we think is swayed by accounts of history, biography, culture and character; our rationality is determined by our sense of probability (the coherency of the narrative) and narrative fidelity (whether the storyRead MoreIllness Narrative Essay929 Words   |  4 PagesMy Illness Narrative Sharing and listening to the illness narratives in class is an experience that I do not think I could ever forget. Listening to people share their raw emotions and stories of struggle and illness was eye opening, My own illness narrative could be described as a quest narrative and more specifically an automythology. This is because as I stated in my presentation, I became a better person, adopted skills that helped me deal with my father’s illness, understood what it is likeRead MoreObesity : A Huge Problem1138 Words   |  5 Pagesand Contrast Essay Obesity has become a huge problem in the United States, and has affected almost everyone’s lives in some way. Obesity is not something people should take lightly, but many do. Obesity is very dangerous and can shorten a person’s life by years. Both David Zinczenko and Radley Balko agree that obesity is dangerous and has emerged as a huge problem. However, the two differ on why this problem has occurred and how it may be solved. 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Women Have Made Significant Strides In Society, Proving

Women have made significant strides in society, proving themselves to be as capable as men in the workforce. However, while women are making equal contributions, men and women are not earning equal wages. Even though the Equal Pay Act was established in 1963, women continue to earn lower wages than men over half a century later. This inequality not only affects women as individuals but has a detrimental effect on the national economy. The gender wage gap in the United States should end because it is unjust; correcting it would have social and economic benefits for the U.S. Gender wage discrimination still exists in the United States after having many acts established to prevent it. The Equal Pay Act of 1963, signed by John F. Kennedy on†¦show more content†¦For example, â€Å"The mean earnings for male chemists are approximately 30 percent higher than the earning for female chemists, $78,984 and $60,901, respectively† (Broyles). Philip Broyles says that â€Å"[e]mployers recognize that generally, women have lower levels of human capital than men and therefore they discriminate against women because they believe they are less productive† (Broyles). Women lose significant amounts of income over their career time because their â€Å"salary gains are crimped from the start† (Boushey). Additionally, men receive better dividends just for being men. For instance, Broyles explains that â€Å"†¦while both men and women benefit from more lucrative work specialties, men generally get a higher return on their investments† (Broyles). Moreover, Broyles states, â€Å"[m]en with the same level of experience as women earn 6 percent more than women, making experience the greatest discriminatory factor in the earnings gap† (Broyles). To achieve wage inequality in the United States, employers should stop underestimating and discriminating women. Very often, women in the workforce are equally as qualified as their male colleagues, so they should not be penalized for it unilaterally. The gender wage gap would have a significant impact on women’s retirement security. Most Americans depend on Social Security from their earnings over his or her career. According to a report by the U.S. Congress Joint Economic Committee, the genderShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality : A Social Problem1728 Words   |  7 Pagesperspective. Functionalist focus on how a society creates the social problem and then analyzes how and why the social issue has been maintained over the years. The objective reality is that gender inequality has and always will be a major issue in society. The scope of gender inequality has changed drastically over the years, but there is still a constant struggle for equal rights, pay and respect from society towards women. 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Information System Management

Question: Describe about the Article for Information System Management. Answer: Introduction This report is aimed to perform an analysis to assess the impact of business intelligence and analytical tools for the improved decision making and knowledge management and to assess the challenges and the opportunities of non-relational and cloud database for an organization. Thus, the purpose of this report is to evaluate critically the role that has been played by the database systems and on how it is utilized as the source for the analytical tools as well as the business intelligence for the improved knowledge management system as well as improve decision making process. This report has also aimed to analyze the requirements of a company for storing data and data gathering. Background Information of the Company Hence, AVST has been considered to continue this report. Applied Voice and Speech Technologies is a trusted software-based Unified Communications (UC) solutions developer (Mysql 2016). This organization is capable of offering the best of breed solutions for its unmatched ability of interoperation with the broader range of the UC components from several leading vendors. The headquarter of the organization is situated in the Orange County, California. The specialization of AVST is creating business communication solutions for the government, small and large enterprises, hospitality market, healthcare and many more. CX-E or speech-enabledunified communicationsplatform is the main product of the organization. The organization now feels to increase the data handling capacity so that the organization can manage all its business properly. Capabilities of Database Management System Query Ability The process of making Query is the information to request attribute process from several combinations of parameters as well as various perspectives (Clifford et al., 2012). Replication and Backup The copies of the attributes require to be implemented in a regular basis in case the primary disks as well as the other equipment fails. The attributes periodic copy can also be implemented for a distant company that cant access readily the original. Database Management System generally gives the utilities for facilitating the process of disseminating and extracting the sets of attribute (Watanabe et al., 2013). Rule Enforcement One often wants for applying the rules to the attributes so that the attributes are reliable and clean. Security It is often desirable to the limit that can change or see which groups of attributes or the attributes itself. It can also directly be managed by individual or by the individuals assignment as well as the privileges to the groups or through the assignment of the groups to roles those are then granted entitlements (Selinger et al., 2012). Computation Some common computations are there which are requested on the attributes like cross-referencing, grouping, sorting, averaging, summing, counting and others (Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012). They can rely on the Database Management System for supplying such calculations rather than have every computer application implement these from scratch. Challenges and Benefits of Database Management System and AVST DBMS has several potential benefits. These are as follows: Legacy Call Processing: It is capable of replacing a legacy voice mail system. AVST was on the market at the time of purchasing the legacy system. It has the capacity of duplicating the functionality of the older legacy systems. IT Flexibility and Economics: It produces one of the most LAN-friendly products. It is because, the IT flexibility they provide is through the selection of process and configuration deployment management. Controlling Redundancy Every application has its own private files in the file system that cannot be shared among multiple applications. Often it can result in the considerable redundancy in the stored data that results in the storage places wastage (Luhn 2015). Most of these redundancies can be ignored by having a centralised database. Inconsistency Avoidance While the similar data is duplicated as well as the changes are implemented at the single site that is not broadcasted to the other end, thus, it can form an irrelevance as well as the two entities about the similar data would not agree (Han, Song and Song 2012). Data sharing the general data can be shared by various applications in the centralized Database Management System in comparison to the file system. Therefore, nowadays, applications can be implemented for operating against the similar data which are stored in the database. Enforcement of the Standard Standard can easily be enforced may be at the company level, International level, National Level and Departmental level as the DBMS is a central system. The standardized data is useful during interchanging or the migration of data. The challenges of DBMS are as follows: Complexity The functionality provision that is expected from a good DBMS makes the DBMS an extremely complicated piece of software. End-users, database administrators, developers as well as database designers must understand this functionality for taking complete benefit of it (Pakhira 2012). Failure for understanding the system can result in the bad decisions regarding design that can have serious issues for a company. The complexity with the system of AVST is manageable but it needs proper support of the stakeholders. Size The breadth and complexity of the functionality makes the Database Management System a huge piece of software, obtaining several megabytes of disk space as well as requiring the considerable amounts of memory for efficiently running. Performance A File Based System typically is a written for a particular application like invoicing. Performance is usually very good as a result. The access to the system is very quick and accurate but AVST can be creating issue. Nevertheless, the DBMS is written to be more general for catering for several applications rather than just one. Cost of DBMS The DBMS cost significantly varies based on the environment as well as provided functionality. The recurrent annual cost for maintenance is also there (Krishnamurthy et al., 2014). Extra Hardware costs The requirements for the disk storage in the DBMS as well as the database can necessitate the additional storage spaces purchase. Additionally, it may be necessary for purchasing a larger machine for achieving the required performance, perhaps even a machine dedicated to run the Database Management System. Conversion Cost The extra hardware and the cost of DBMS may be insightful in comparison to the cost to convert the existing applications for running on the new hardware as well as DBMS. Technical, Ethical and Legal Challenges Database Presents for an Information Systems Manager There can be several technical, ethical as well as legal challenges presented by the database faced by the Information System Manager. These are as follows: Privacy is a very serious concern for the Information Security Managers while using a particular database. The privacy issues can be taken place as per the legal as well as the ethical aspects (Reddy et al., 2014). The two major issues with the privacy of database are the proper security of the database itself as well as the ethical and legal implications of what should be stored on the databases in the first place. Information can often be leaked by the database due to some significant faults such as the SQL Injection. Another major ethical issue of the database is deciding which classifications of private as well as personal information; the information professional is entitled for gathering. The information accuracy can be another significant issue as per the ethical and legal viewpoint. This particular consequence is regarding the particular importance in cases where a particular information system manager is working with the personal data that can also have a direct impact on the professional like of that person. Security is another crucial challenge for the information security manager in an organization. While the data regarding some operation from a particular company database are leaked, thus it would result in a huge loss for that company (Pakhira 2012). This kind of issues can be occurred due to the unethical as well as illegal access within the company database and some technical difficulties as well. Thus, the ethical norms and values should be properly maintained and in order to do that specific effective and strict rules and regulations must be implemented within the organization. With the help of these rules and regulations, the unauthorized access in the database would be minimized. However, in order to mitigate the technical difficulties, people should be technologically sound to manage all the processes of managing, retrieving information in database. Taken as an example, the attacks such as DDoS can be a critical factor in terms of security. If a DDoS attacks starts it is very hard to overcame from it so AVST tries to avoid the attack as much as possible. It is done through bandwidth oversubscription. It suggests the organization to lease more bandwidth than needed so that the attacker cannot start the volumetric attack. Not only will this but the organization workers also be responsible for not accessing the sites that can contain spas and malware. Process of Using Database as the Source of Business Intelligence and Analytics Tools Business Intelligence and Analytics Tools are a kind of application software which is designed for retrieving, transforming, reporting as well as analyzing data for the business intelligence. The Business Intelligence Analytics tools leverage data as well as convert it to an actionable data that can be proved beneficial for the company. Hence, in case of AVST or Applied Voice and Speech Technologies, this company has utilized the database as the source for the business intelligence and analytical tools in order make improved decisions as well as knowledge management (Rivera 2014). Decision making as well as the knowledge management processes are the most crucial processes in the business operation of an organization. In case of decision, the act of selecting two or courses of action is very important. On the other hand, in knowledge management system, the process of sharing, using, developing as well as capturing organizational knowledge is important (Ferretti, Colajanni and Marchett i 2012). AVST is awash in data regarding their competitors, partners, suppliers, internal business processes, prospects as well as consumers and clients. However, with the help of the technology of the Business Intelligence tools, AVST enables the employees for transforming data into the information, client, staff, business pattern and many more, that would help their business in terms of building proper knowledge management system as well as making proper decisions regarding the information management through Database Management System. Non-relational databases and cloud databases Opportunities The cloud databases as well as non-relational databases have given AVST several opportunities in comparison to the utilization of the traditional database systems. In case of the non-relational databases can provide The opportunity of storing arrays in the JSON objects. It will assist in storing images, predictable relationships, audios, flat hierarchies. On the other hand, storing records in the similar collection that have several attributes or fields can be the other opportunity. In case of the cloud database, the usage of the cloud database has been advancing in recent days (Han, Song and Song 2012). There are several opportunities of using the cloud database. These are as follows: It can also increase the number of several opportunities like cost savings, as well as elasticity and scalability to the organization, AVST. The organization can allocate the saved capital in enhancing the core parts of the organization. Through increased scalability it can adjust itself as per the need of the market. On the other hand, it can also provide the opportunities of cost savings, disaster recovery, accessibility, bandwidth as well as usability. Challenges The non-relational databases as well as cloud database can result in several challenges to AVST as compared to the other traditional database systems (Bakalash et al., 2012). The cloud database can create several significant challenges for the company in terms of the usability of data, the access and modification of the data can be a critical task some times. bandwidth of data transmission, accessibility of data, security of the data as well as the software tools. On the other hand, in case of non-relational database, it does not treat operations automatically as transactions the way a relational database does. Therefore, the non-relational database has been proven time consuming for the organization. Conclusion The entire discussion made in this particular study has successfully covered all the capabilities as well as challenges of the database management in the context of a particular business scenario in AVST. The business intelligence will be responsible for examining the data in the database and producing the understandable information. From the gathered information from the business intelligence the analytical tools will be used so that a conclusion can be accomplished on the basis of the gathered information. This study has mainly established successfully the advantages of business intelligence and the analytical tools over the database management system that mainly helps in improving the knowledge management system and the process of decision making. On the other hand, this study has also successfully enlightened the opportunities and the challenges to AVST those are associated with the non-relational databases and the cloud databases. Thus, after analyzing all the issues, this study has also provided the feasible and significant resolving method to the company to overcome the problems raised in terms of database management system. Recommendations In order to rectify all the challenges associated with the Database Management System as well as non-relational and cloud database, AVST has to follow the possible and the most effective and useful techniques. These recommendations can be as follows: AVST first has to introduce the extraordinary data monitoring tools as well as to improvise the functionality of the remote DBA. In the current situation in AVST, the potential replication for the high availability is mandatory to be adopted in the organization in order maintains the Database Management System. With the help of the replication, high performance can be ensured from the database management side for the organization. The AVST is recommended to use more power sources. It also suggested to use a data recovery system and store the hardwire below the ground level as it is in a place where environmental disaster is common. This organization should also address the new cloud market. On the other hand, in order to prohibit the unethical access to the database, the organization should make their privacy norms and policy stricter. Reference List Bakalash, R., Shaked, G. and Caspi, J., Hyperroll and Israel Limited, 2012.Relational database management system having integrated non-relational multi-dimensional data store of aggregated data elements. U.S. Patent 6,385,604. Chen, H., Chiang, R.H. and Storey, V.C., 2012. Business Intelligence and Analytics: From Big Data to Big Impact.MIS quarterly,36(4), pp.1165-1188. Clifford, P. and Bhandari, R., Clifford Paul Ian and Bhandari Rory Anthony, 2012.Database management system. U.S. Patent Application 10/488,592. Ferretti, L., Colajanni, M. and Marchetti, M., 2012. Supporting security and consistency for cloud database. InCyberspace Safety and Security(pp. 179-193). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Han, J., Song, M. and Song, J., 2012, May. A novel solution of distributed memory nosql database for cloud computing. InComputer and Information Science (ICIS), 2011 IEEE/ACIS 10th International Conference on(pp. 351-355). IEEE. Krishnamurthy, S., Thombre, N., Conway, N., Li, W.H. and Hoyer, M., Cisco Technology, Inc, 2014.Addition and processing of continuous SQL queries in a streaming relational database management system. U.S. Patent 8,745,070. Luhn, H.P., 2015. A business intelligence system.IBM Journal of Research and Development,2(4), pp.314-319. Mysql.com. (2016).MySQL :: AVST UC Solutions Provide High Availability, Real-Time Performance and Lower Costs with MySQL. [online] Available at: https://www.mysql.com/why-mysql/case-studies/avst-uc-solutions-provide-high-availability-mysql.html [Accessed 2 Jul. 2016]. Pakhira, M.K., 2012.Database Management System. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Peltier, T.R., 2013.Information security fundamentals. CRC Press. Reddy, T.B.K., Thomas, A.D., Stamatis, D., Bertsch, J., Isbandi, M., Jansson, J., Mallajosyula, J., Pagani, I., Lobos, E.A. and Kyrpides, N.C., 2014. The Genomes OnLine Database (GOLD) v. 5: a metadata management system based on a four level (meta) genome project classification.Nucleic acids research, p.gku950. Rivera, J., 2014. Gartner s 2014 Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies Maps the Journey to Digital Business. Gartner Newsroom, pp.20142016. Available at: https://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2819918. Selinger, P.G., Astrahan, M.M., Chamberlin, D.D., Lorie, R.A. and Price, T.G., 2012, May. Access path selection in a relational database management system. InProceedings of the 1979 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data(pp. 23-34). ACM. Watanabe, Y., Tanaka, K. and Hayata, H., Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd., 2013.Database management system. U.S. Patent 6,016,490.

A Reflection on Alpha Kappa Psi Core Values

A Reflection on Alpha Kappa Psi Core Values In considering the core values of Alpha Kappa Psi, I am struck by how simple and practical they are. They are written to provide guidance and inspiration, while avoiding preaching at members. If the pledge class pays attention to and abides by these principles, our experience in college and beyond is likely to be a positive one.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Reflection on Alpha Kappa Psi Core Values specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The first Alpha Kappa Psi value is BROTHERHOOD. This is clearly not simply the sibling relationship that many of us are familiar with from our own homes. We are not called on merely to avoid hurting each other, or to take turns, or to share nicely, as we are expected to do with our biological siblings. This is meant to be a different sort of relationship, representing the best way we treat our blood brothers and sisters, plus something more, something not necessarily found in a family. After all, we cannot choose our siblings, but we have, ourselves, chosen, and been chosen, reciprocally, to affiliate with this Alpha Kappa Psi brotherhood. This means that we should appreciate and value each other, no matter whether we think we are likely to become buddies or close friends, rather than merely accepting each other’s right to exist grudgingly. The words â€Å"duty† and â€Å"respect† appear in the PEP manual, and these are important. If we treat each other respectfully, as a welcome duty, the â€Å"fondness† will probably follow. We should be prepared to support each other and work for each other’s success in all things associated with our college life, and afterwards as well. We should be able to depend on each other, in the same way that blood brothers and sisters can, under the best of circumstances. The exercise of behaving in a respectful and caring way towards another person, just because they are in the same organization, i s a very useful one. I expect that it will help me immensely when I am working in any corporate setting. I will need to cooperate productively with a variety of other people, even if I might not have selected them out of a crowd to share a beer or a pizza. The PEP manual also mentions stewardship; this means taking care of something that may benefit others whom we may not even know. In pledging Alpha Kappa Psi, we are becoming part of something that has been around for decades, and goes beyond just the members of the chapter where we pledged, or the brothers and sisters we hang out with. We have the same responsibility to take care of members from other years, and other chapters of the fraternity as we do to our own pledge class. I look forward to depending, myself, on this national network of people who will be more likely than strangers would be to take my phone call or respond to a request for help or information.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let' s see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A second value is KNOWLEDGE, and the goal of â€Å"lifelong learning†. This is a really appealing goal, and sounds like it will be fairly easy to honor. We are asked to invest effort in learning as much as we can now, when we are in college, which means concentrating on our coursework to get the most out of this experience. This value also directs us to continue that process throughout our professional lives. This implies, to me, among other things, maintaining a flexible mental attitude that allows for absorption of new ideas. In both my subject areas of management information science and finance, this skill is critical. I hope, as a pledge, brother, and graduate, to develop and apply the ability to remain nimble mentally, so that I can keep up with developments in these swiftly changing fields. This core value also encourages us to share our experience and expertise with our brothers and sisters. The founding members undoubtedly did not intend for this to mean sharing exam questions! On the other hand, it would certainly include helping a brother or sister prepare for a test, or practice an oral presentation, or proof-read a resume. To fulfill this part of the fraternity’s goals as a graduate, I would expect to make myself available to talk with younger fraternity members about my company or the fields of finance or management information systems generally. I look forward to being a mentor to new members in future years, and to helping fellow members in any way I can. I also hope to benefit from the help and advice of alumni/ae, myself, as I look for internships, summer jobs, and positions after graduation. We are also called on to share our expertise with people outside the fraternity; everyone whom we work with and interact with out in the business world. The third value is INTEGRITY. This is a word and concept which many people may have begun to believe no longer belongs with the word â€Å"business†. My cohort of business graduates will enter the workplace just when the reputations of some major elements in the world economy (for example, the banking and mortgage sector, Toyota, adulterated Chinese food products) are worthless. This will be both a challenge and an opportunity for us, as members of Alpha Kappa Psi. Our fraternity membership imposes on us a constant reminder of the expected Alpha Kappa Psi standard of behavior. The honesty, ethics, and fairness of our behavior can be an example to each other and to those outside Alpha Kappa Psi. How does this translate into how we act while we are in college? Several easy examples come to mind. We can refrain from cheating, and we can choose to act straightforwardly in our social relations. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Reflection on Alpha Kappa Psi Core Values specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The firs t might translate into learning how to do honest individual research efficiently and swiftly for our papers and projects so that we are not tempted to copy and paste or take other academic shortcuts where we should not. The second might take the form of not promising to call someone we know socially when, in fact, we have no intention of doing so. It could also take the form of not undercutting another member in an officer election contest. It certainly would include following the Alpha Kappa Psi guidelines about alcohol, drugs, hazing, and so forth. The experience of adhering to Alpha Kappa Psi standards of ethical behavior in college will prepare and inform me to face tough ethical decisions, and choose wisely once we are in the workplace fulltime. SERVICEA is another Alpha Kappa Psi value. This value is important as a healthy balance to the profit goals that we are being taught to pursue in business. Service can mean volunteering in the community, or on campus, while we are stil l students. Having a service oriented mindset means that we make time routinely in our lives for charitable events, and try to support them whenever we can, especially if Alpha Kappa Psi is sponsoring them. When we are in the business world, we can try to find ways to serve the community by making choices such as sourcing supplies locally, hiring locally, choosing to site a business where it will build up the community rather than eviscerate a downtown, ensuring that there is a career ladder for people with minimal starting qualifications, and of course the obvious option of partnering with charities to help them raise money. I look forward to finding creative ways to serve, and expect to learn new skills from the experience. UNITY is the last core value, and it is also the least specific. I see it as calling on Alpha Kappa Psi members to be willing to help the chapter and the fraternity survive and thrive over time. This might translate into being willing to serve as officer in th e chapter, train new members, take training myself, if available, and help in colonizing other campuses, if needed. Unity also means being an active and supportive graduate. It certainly means donating generously to support the organization’s programs once I have an income stream. The value of unity might also involve volunteering to be an alumni chapter advisor, recommending incoming freshmen to the chapter, or finding some other way to use my personal gifts to serve Alpha Kappa Psi and its goals. As I see it, one of the great benefits of a fraternity membership is the chance to become comfortable with people of a variety of ages, from freshmen to the â€Å"old guard†. Learning to work cooperatively and gracefully on fraternity business with people of many different ages cannot help but be an asset later on in the workplace.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Brotherhood, knowledge, integrity, service, unity: these are the values that pledging Alpha Kappa Psi will commit me to support and live out creatively in my college years and beyond. I look forward to growing as a person over the rest of my undergraduate years. I feel sure that this growth will be enhanced by spending time and effort in the company of Alpha Kappa Psi brothers and the values we share and try to put into practice in the course of our daily lives and work.

Case Study on Apollo Hospitals Essays

Case Study on Apollo Hospitals Essays Case Study on Apollo Hospitals Essay Case Study on Apollo Hospitals Essay Apollo Background (evolution since inception) Analysis of Apollo’s internationalization strategy  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 2 Apollo Hospitals, started as the first corporate hospital of India, has grown remarkably 1 2 First super-specialty Hospital in India – Early 1980s y Liberalization and Growth – Late 1980s; early 1990s 3 4 Wide Scale Marketing Efforts Focus on middle and lower strata of Society 5 Global expansion and local penetration 1983 – Dr. Prathap Reddy established the first ever corporate hospital of t h it l f India – Faced skepticism in his campaign that superspecialty hospital was viable in India – Was able to attract doctors from the west 1986 – At the personal urging of Dr. Prathap Reddy, the then Prime th th P i Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi, liberalized the Hospital Sector. Apart from individual patient and doctor referrals, which served as primary d i marketing tools in the 1980s, Apollo exercised various print, audio and video marketing tools   1990s onwards Till early1990s, the services of Apollo were restricted to the elite strata of society lit t t f i t criticism that its services were not for the masses. Apollo has already expanded to more than 45 Hospitals and more th 250 d than Apollo Clinics in India and abroad Apollo faced Has centers of excellence in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Ghana, Nepal, Nigeria, Dubai, Qatar, Kuwait, etc. Apollos business began to grow in the 1990s, with the deregulation of the Indian economy, which drastically cut the bureaucratic barriers to expansion and made it easier to import modern medical equipment The successful  coronary bypass operation of the Vice President of India in 1993 gave a major boost to the Apollo brand and visibility. Apollo reacted by expanding its services to the poor class Has set aside free beds for the poor Has set up a trust fund Is pioneering remote, satelliteremote satellite linked telemedicine across India Made an IPO and raised $4. 6 million in 1983 Further initiatives include South Africa, Tanzania, Mauritius, Yemen, Oman, Bahrain, Oman Bahrain Vietnam and Thailand, among others 3  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. ..  and has become the single largest private hospital group in Asia 1983. India Chennai Apollo attracts more than 10 million patients in India itself, from over 55 countries 2006 India Chennai1 Hyderabad1 Delhi1 Kolkata1 Ahmadabad1 Others (4)1 Others (250) 2 Overseas SiL k 1 Sri Lanka Bangladesh2 The UAE2 Nepal2 Ghana2 Nigeria2 UK2 Saudi Arabia2 Leadership, Quality and Network The Apollo Hospitals Group is recognized as the Architect of p p p g Healthcare in India It is the largest corporate entity in healthcare in Asia and the third largest in the world It has won multiple accolades both inside and out of India. The Apollo p p Hospital in Chennai was the first Indian hospital to be awarded IS0 9002 and ISO 14001 Certifications and has been named â€Å"Best Private Sector Hospital in India† by The Week magazine Apollo manages over 6400 beds in different centers and is currently involved in either the management or ownership of 45 hospitals in India and abroad (1) Apollo Hospitals (2) Apollo Clinics Source: Literature Search, Company website  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 4. Apollo Hospitals Group – The Group has an integrated business model (‘Across the Healthcare Spectrum’) ( p ) Third Party Insurance Health and Lifestyle Clinics Pharmacy Retailing Tertiary Education Healthcare Services Strategy p Implementation Consulting HOSP info Clinical Trials System Telemedicine  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 5 Apollo Hospitals Group– Companies, besides Hospital Offers Business Process Outsourcing and IT solutions and services Apollo Health Street Incorporated. to global clientele Established in 1999 Largest retail pharmacy chain in India and has round-the-clock Apollo Pharmacies operations maintains a stock of prescription drugs, OTC medicines and other health and body-care related products Moving towards offering e-prescription based services Acts as a catalyst for students and is complementary to the existing MedVarsity Online Limited (MOL) education system over 1500 hours of medical content that is accessible to the medical community Established in 2000. Apollo Telemedicine Enterprises Limited E t i Li it d (ATEL) Allows the participant sites to collaborate with institutions in India and abroad and provides their clientele access to healthcare in areas not adequately served by the medical community Established in 1999 www. redseerconsulting. com. 6  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. Apollo Hospitals Group– Companies, besides Hospital Its the largest Third Party Administrator (TPA) in Asia affiliated to Family Health Plan Limited (FHP) 1700 major Corporates and manages 4. 7 million lives Initiated ‘managed care’ to control rising medical costs, and to make medical facilities accessible for greater number of people Online Hospital Equipment Services Private Limited An electronic equipment exchange for medical devices and high end technology products used in the delivery of medical care It provides expert advice and services on technology, technocommercial issues Delivers family-focused primary healthcare services through Apollo Health Lifestyle Ltd (AHLL) branded Apollo clinics across India and its neighboring countries. Used information Technology to create an e-marketplace that Keimed. com Limited would service Apollo and others through an end-to-end, logistic p g g solutions partnerships for effective inventory management and control  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 7 AGENDA Apollo Background (evolution since inception) Analysis of Apollo’s internationalization strategy  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 8 Drivers for International Expansion Huge opportunity. Large unmet need for high quality medical care Greater ROI Large unmet need for high quality medical care – High unmet demand, specially amongst people who could not afford to travel abroad for treatment – Major procedures like open-heart surgery were unavailable – The medical treatment in many Asian and Gulf countries was conducted sloppily, using low quality equipment Greater ROI Certain foreign markets such as Gulf countries were lucrative as countries, they could generate higher ROI  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 9. Apollo’s used the OLI Paradigm effectively for International expansion Ownership: While the hospital group has maintained its ownership Ownership Advantages g it has found that in order to remain competitive and achieve scalability it needs to relinquish some of power and has adopted the franchising model in order to expand Internalization: Used an internal strategy of leadership, quality and leadership Internalization Advantages network. The chain has spun of subsidiaries under its main brand which include Apollo Clinics, Apollo Pharmacy etc. Apollo is continually characterized by change and innovation. Strategic inorganic and inorganic expansion in order to rapidly ramp up and help keep the company abreast with the dynamic business environment Location: Apollo has firmly reaffirmed in its strategy the belief that â€Å"more is sure†. The chain apart from setting up multiple hospitals and clinics in each city have now set it footprints in tier 1,2 cities alike. It has aimed to become a global brand by setting up centers in Dubai and other Asian countries and is continually looking to expand d Location Advantages  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 10 Apollo’s branding and demand generation initiatives focused on individuals, referring doctors and corporations General public and individuals. Awareness of high quality medical care and stress illness prevention Targeted mailings to promote Apollo clinics for various therapies such as diabetes, asthma, back pain, cancer and cardiology Introductory discounts to attract first time users Developing an internal system to respond to all consumer queries promptly Regular advertising in a variety of media to target urban  consumers Screening programs for illness such as cancer and tuberculosis in rural areas Local Doctors. Individual visits by Apollo sales force, to local doctors to build relationships Frequent mailing by Apollo to the doctors, to keep them informed about the hospitals services and procedures Track number of referrals made by individual doctors in a computerized database Inform and update referring doctors about the progress made with the patients Encourage Apollo doctors to participate in national Medical Association meetings to increase the Hospital’s familiarity to doctors across the nation. Corporations Corporate and government employers – Less price sensitive than those who paid out of pocket Target key decision makers such as top executives, human resource managers, trade union leaders and company medical advisors Mailings and individual visits Conduct programs at the companies to increase awareness and teach skills such as first aid  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 11 Apollo has taken various key Initiatives to increase international presence and operational efficiency Strategy Increased emphasis on Managed Hospitals Description Apollo built the first HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) in 1995, on the lines of HMOs in the USA. USA It provides all medical care as needed to its members in return for a fixed annual premium premium. The HMO combines two methods of expansion – building wholly owned facilities and licensing Increased emphasis on Managed Hospitals in order to reduce risk, cost and to increase geographical reach Licensing will help spread Apollo’s influence and recognition more quickly than building wholly owned facilities Improvement in efficiency and cost reduction Improvement in efficiency through better asset utilization of all existing facilities Cost Reduction through simplification of processes in the areas of materials, manpower and financing. Aggressive marketing to access overseas markets – measures such as publicizing successful Aggressive marketing Has established an AIC (Apollo Information Centre) network, establishing government-private partnership for patients to be sent by the respective Treatment Abroad Committees referring Treatment Committees, private patients through health insurance HMOs and TPAs and through local doctor referrals surgeries, awards, accreditations, alliances/ partnerships and accolades Backward Integration. There is increasing focus on providing wholesome health solutions, integrating to the Indian methods of wellness. Source: Literature Search  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 12 Apollo Hospitals has also taken other steps to expand its reach and penetration globally The only international training organization for the American Heart Association Technical International Affiliation and Accreditation support from Texas Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute for Cardiology and Cardio Thoracic surgery Exchange programs with hospitals in the U.  S. and Europe S Association with the Mayo Clinic and the Cleveland Heart Institute, USA Associate of the Johns Hopkins University, USA. International I t ti l Research Alliances Apollo Hospitals has entered into various alliances to broad base its value proposition St Cell Research and Th Stem C ll R h d Therapy – July 2005 Tied up with Histostem, part of the Delaware Corporation, for the development of a sustaining and mutually-beneficial relationship in Cord Blood Stem Cell Research and Therapy in India Medical and Business Collaborations ? July 2005 – Collaboration with Johns Hopkins to jointly develop state of the art concepts state-of-the-art concepts, technology, partnerships with clinical departments especially in Oncology, Neurosciences and Cardiology, nurse education, telemedicine, clinical research and medical education The local partnership approach has worked very well for Apollo p p pp y p Local Partnerships/ JVs – Local Partner Local partner usually deals with many local issues, besides providing capital, such as provision of land and dealing with local authorities, doctors and other interest parties Help in creating a sound clientele base – Apollo – Partial capital investment, and management Example A ll H E l Apollo Hospitals Group in a joint venture with it B it l G i j i t t ith its Bangladeshi partner STS l d hi t Holdings, Dhaka Source: Literature Search.  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 13 Apollo’s success can be attributed to its organization around ‘Five Stars’ to give patients advanced medical care possible at high quality Medical Personnel Hired top quality medical personnel – top caliber, renowned doctors and su geo s e e surgeons were a key to Apollo’s reputation a d se ce ey po o s eputat o and service The presence of top specialists garnered referrals from throughout the world. Apollo took every opportunity to publicize the accomplishments of its doctors Effective application of the latest medical technology has been a critical part of Apollo’s service and appeal to patients and consultant doctors Equipments have always been expensive but Apollo never compromised Medical Technology Employees Motivation – Employees have been the ‘middle star’ for Apollo, signifying their p y p , g y g central role in the success of the Hospital. Every individual is valued Culture – Strong sense of community Compensation – 10-20% higher than the industry average Every employee is expected to take responsibility for each patient’s every patient s need Every employee has to go through an induction training which emphasizes on grooming, etiquette and hygiene and stressed ‘Never forget to thank a patient’ Focus on a number of ways to serve patients better than the competition Patient health has always been the most important indicator of success and hence the hospital has always been focused on providing the best medical outcomes www.redseerconsulting. com. 14 Hospitality. Values Source: Literature Search, Harvard Business Review RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information.  © 2009 Apollo is looking to expand aggressively in other international markets Fiji Mauritius West Asia The Caribbean islands International Expansion E i Africa Mongolia Georgia Kazakhstan  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 15 Thank You! ([emailprotected] com) ( @ d lti )  © 2009 RedSeer Consulting Confidential and Proprietary Information. www. redseerconsulting. com. 16.

The last financial crisis 2007-2009 Research Paper

The last financial crisis 2007-2009 - Research Paper Example The economic crisis was associated with great losses of financial wealth, economic output, increased government interventions, psychological consequences among other significant costs. This paper will assess the extent to which the Qatar and other countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council were affected by the financial crisis. Impact of the Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 on the Gulf Area Introduction This paper aims at studying the impact of the global financial crisis of 2007-2009 on the countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), or the Gulf Area. The Gulf Area is an economic and political Union of Arab states around the Persian Gulf including Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman, The United Arab emirates and Qatar. The cooperation was established in 1981 to foster unity and trade and cooperation among the member states. The Gulf Area consists of the fastest growing economies mostly due to the revenues gotten from huge deposits of natural resources such as oil and natural gas. T his paper will largely be based on the impact of the global financial crisis on the economy of Qatar with some examples drawn from the other countries in the Gulf area. Petroleum is the backbone of Qatar’s economy and accounts for about 70% of the countries revenues (Read, 2009). The GDP of Qatar ranks among the robust in the world and it has become a major player in the global economy from the region. This essay will try at analyze the impact of the global financial crisis on the economy of Qatar as well as its reaction to the crisis as well as how the other countries in the Gulf were affected. The main objective of this essay will be to answer the question as to how the last financial crisis (2007-2009) affected the economic situation in the Gulf area. The economic crisis of 2007-2009 was associated with great losses of financial wealth, economic output, increased government interventions, psychological consequences among other significant costs (Read, 2009). Although the f inancial crisis began in the Western countries, its impact was felt across the world, with most economies feeling the impact. The crisis is deemed by most economists as the worst financial crisis ever since the Great Depression that befell in the 1930s. The 2007-2009 global financial crisis resulted in downturns in major stock markets across the world, and threatening the collapse of some of the largest financial institutions in major economies around the globe (Read, 2009). This resulted in government interventions to bail out banks and other financial institutions as well as big companies in order to protect the economy from collapsing. Some of the results of the financial crisis across the globe included massive prolonged unemployment, high interest rates, and housing crisis among others. The crisis also led to a reduction in global economic activities between 2007 and 2012 and played a major role in the debt Crisis in the European countries (Fried, 2012). The global financial cr isis has been attributed to various causes, mostly from the West. According to the U.S. Senate’s Levin-Coburn report, the financial crisis occurred as a result of complex, high risk financial products and cases of undisclosed conflicts of interests among different parties, as well as the inadequacy of proper regulators. Most critics have pointed out to the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act (1999) of the US as the origin of the financial

ART HISTORY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

ART HISTORY - Essay Example This construction is often used in bazaars in some of the Arab markets today. Pei and Parteners.The Bank of China, 1989 was constructed as beautiful architectural masterpiece with geometrical perfection of the mathematical design of each piece of glass. This was the precursor of his constructing the pyramids of the Louvre. Architecture in the commercial world has been transformed into art in itself. The design of Pei, the US Pavillon of Budminister Fuller and the beautiful buildings of Frank Lloyd Wright are just a small indication of how architechure has changed since the early 1950's. Art is to be beautiful to the eye visible at 180Â ° and promote social cohesion. Chapter 10: MORTALITY AND IMMORTALITY Man was deified and made immortal through art. 3000 BCE were the Pyramids in Egypt or the Chichen Itza in Mexico. Because of many social changes including the overcrowding of cities, graveyards became the responsibility of civil authorities. This can be seen in the Romanticism era wi th Pere LaChaise in 1804. (p265). As more controls were established less ornaments were allowed on gravestones. In some graveyards, stones were discontinued all together as in Memorial Lawn outside of Los Angeles. It is significant to bring up the Mausoleum of Mao Zedong in Tiananmen Square (p 266) for the architecture of the building and for the statue outside. A similar edifice can be seen in North Korea and in Moscow. There are two photos in this section which the writer feels should go in Chapter 12. Chapter 12: SOCIAL PROTEST AND AFFIRMATION The following two photos were in the last chapter for the number of people who have died. It is important to look at the date of publication of this book and the six years that have past and the importance of social affirmation. "Modern commemorative art serves a psychological need of loss" and of closure. The AIDS Memorial Quilt is a commemorative work which promotes cohesion. Other commemorative works in Chapter 11: USA MARINE CORPS WAR ( p 297) and the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, (p 1982) No other time in history have people been able to congregate in masses to mourn their losses. The most significant piece of architecture today is the computer designed Liberty Tower or 7TC. Land has been broken and it is scheduled to be finished in 2013. This site represents a corporate structure built will a shape that has never been used before which has no national or cultural significance. It will be used a memorial for the thousands who have died and who have died in war. In building one of the highest buildings in the world, it will be a social protest and a social affirmation that terrorism can be won. The context might be considered subjective to those who were not part of September 11 2001. Context therefore is depended on the person's culture. An American reading this report will not have the same perspective as someone from an Eastern

Silas Marner Essay Example for Free

Silas Marner Essay In the book Silas marner, George Elliot uses many themes to bring the book alive and also to grasp the reader’s attention. Silas marner is written by a woman who named herself George Elliot as a mean to publish her novels. Themes are used in this novel to portray what George Elliot was trying to show the readers. One of the themes in Silas marner is class; being centered on two households, marner’s cottage by the stone pit and the Cass marner, the red house, these two settings represent class extremes. The cottage is showed as the ramshackle abode of the lowest member of raveloe society; the manor is a beautiful home filled with gentry and a location for dances. Elliot shows many intersections between the two households. Dunstan Cass, who is a member of the upper class, enters marner’s home looking for money. Silas marner who is from the lowest class and miserable, raises a squire’s granddaughter as his own child, despise the fact that she is from an upper class family. The rainbow tavern and the church in raveloe are also places where class differences are present. The rainbow is a different place when the â€Å"gentles† are having a dance (ch. six). In these times, the lesser villagers like mr. Macey, reign over the rainbow, telling stories. Secondly, at the church, the higher members of society sit in assigned seats at the front of the church while the rest of the villagers sit in the back and watch. In both these places, although everyone recognizes the status differences between the lower and higher class, this doesn’t not seem to be a problem in raveloe. In raveloe, strict boundaries of class do not necessarily lead to greater happiness among the higher classes. Those with money or those who have a little money tend to be the most harned and corrupt characters, such as Dunstan, Godfrey and even silas, before he found Eppie. The person in silas Marner who is most oppressed by circumstances, is Godfrey Cass, who finds himself at the mercy of a lower class wife, who fails to have children of his own and ends up envying the bond of a lowly weaver and his daughter. Silas and Eppie, on the other hand, though they do not have status or wealth, seem to enjoy unmitigated happiness. Nevertheless, being in a higher class shows that when there is a crime or something goes amiss you are never suspected because you are in a higher class so you would never stoop to those standards. For example, when silas’s gold was stolen, even though it was Dunstan Cass who was from the higher class who stole it, he was never suspected because he was in a higher class. Instead they suspected Jem Rodney, a low class peddler. Why did they suspect him and not someone from a higher class? Because being in a higher class, no one ever thinks you would do something like steal from a miser. Only because the higher class portrays an image as to having it all and are happy and perfect. Dunstan Cass is a clear example that even though you are in a higher class, you have that one person who does not uphold the standards and stoop lower than a lower class person would. Another theme of silas Marner is the nature of chance, and perhaps the only inference one can make about chance as read in the novel is that chance cannot be trusted. Everyone has good or bad turns but we never know which is which until later in life. Take into consideration when silas loses his gold, he thinks it is the worst thing that could ever happen to him. When you think about this, you realize it was one of the best things to happen to silas because losing his gold gave him a clear space in his life to love and take care of Eppie like she was his own. Looking at godfrey cass, he believes the death of his first wife and marner’s subsequent adoption of his daughter, was an amazing stroke of good fortune, but as we read and realized it turns out to be horribly the worst in the end. He ends up wanting his daughter Eppie in his life more than he wanted Nancy. Godfrey realizes it was wrong to pretend that Eppie was not his child, which he paid for in the end. We realize that chance is not so random after all but guided by the author. The characters end up meeting their faith, the good were rewarded or ended up lucky, while the bad were unlucky or punished. For instance Godfrey stated that he â€Å"passed for childless once† because he wanted to and, unfortunately, he â€Å"shall pass for childless now against his wish†. Even so, the novel also reflects the complexity of reality, and chance serves this purpose as well. Near the book’s end, the wise Marner says, despite his perfect happiness, â€Å"Things will change, whether we like it or not; things won’t go on for a long while just as they are and no difference†. Which means pain will come, joy will come, and no one can learn from each revolution of the wheel fortune.

Joseph Stalin :: essays research papers

Joseph Stalin’s official reign of terror ended with his death in 1953, but the effects of his autocratic rule continued for many years to follow. His lasting hold on the people of the former Soviet Union still lingers in a few brainwashed minds. In the article "Stalin’s Afterlife" and the movie "Russia’s War - Blood Upon the Snow", Stalin is portrayed as the monster really was and should be remembered as. It said in "Stalin’s Afterlife" that "Stalin’s policies created a holocaust greater than Hitler’s.", which unbelievably is true. The horror of the crimes Joseph Stalin committed against his own people is appalling. For example, Stalin’s plan for collectivization resulted in the death of twenty million people. The great five-year plan to turn the peasant farmers into one, huge farming community brought on famine, starvation and eventually death to twenty million peasant farmers. Another atrocity that Stalin was responsible for was the forced labor camps known as Gulags. "...the murderous forced labor camps of the Gulag archipelago - victimized tens of millions of innocent men, women, and children for more than 20 years." Millions of people were sent to the Gulag camps from 1939 through 1953, for the crime of doing absolutely nothing. There were "...eight million souls (a conservative estimate) who languished in Soviet concentration camps every year between 1939 and 1953." under the horrible conditions at the Gulags. Every year Stalin, in his paranoia sent millions of people off to their deaths. "Russia’s War - Blood Upon the Snow" brought into view a more detailed, personal account of Stalin’s atrocities. People recalling memories they had of what it was like to live under Stalin’s paranoid rule. During his five-year plans to become a more industrialized nation, Stalin had thousands of people forced into building the White Sea Canal. They were made to continue working until they dropped from exhaustion. When it was completed in 1933 the workers who were still left were drowned in the canal. Another paranoid act Stalin ordered to be carried out was the murder of over a thousand members of the seventeenth congress. When Stalin held a vote to elect who the general secretary would be, three hundred votes were against him. He feared that he would be overthrown by Sergei Kirov, who only received three votes against him. Joseph Stalin, over a short period had Kirov murdered as well as one thousand out of nineteen hundred sixty-six committee membe rs and ninety-eight out of one hundred and thirty-nine central committee members.

Consumer Attitudes Towards Counterfeit Products Essay

Counterfeit products and materials are knock-off, bootleg, pirated or other illegally produced materials that are produced and sold in violation of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) of others or in a manner that fraudulently represent their quality or origin (Porteus, 2002). Despite the various anti-counterfeit efforts of multinationals and international trade organizations, counterfeiting continue to pose a significant and growing threat to businesses, both in developed and developing countries (Vida, 2007; Maldonado and Hume, 2005). Vida (2007) observed that even in the face of technological advancements that facilitates easy recognition of genuine products, and the legal pressures buyers and sellers of counterfeit products, global businesses still lose billions of dollars to counterfeiters annually. The annual cost of counterfeiting is estimated at $200 billion and the international trade in counterfeit products is believed to account for between 3-5% of overall world trade. Most threatening is the fact that several bodies such as the International Anti-counterfeiting Coalition (IACC) and International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI) agree that international trade in counterfeit product is booming. However, it should be emphasized that the total losses due to counterfeiting, annually, should not be measured in terms of the economic devastation caused to genuine product manufacturers, its effects on hundreds or thousands of jobs worldwide, increase in the cost of marketing genuine products, reduced brand equity and trademark owner reputation. Most importantly, the threat to consumer health and safety that counterfeit product poses cannot be overemphasized (Vida, 2007; Maldonado and Hume, 2005). Although, counterfeiting is a global problem, it appears to have a more significant effect on UAE for a number of reasons. Managing Intellectual Property, an internet magazine on counterfeiting, reports that while UAE is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, it is also renowned for luxury, tourism, business and rapid development. Particularly, its free trade zone that offers attractive incentives for business, especially due to its location at the centre of the Middle East and the Arab states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries also create the right environments for counterfeiters to market their products. The close proximity of the free trade zone to leading counterfeit producing Asian countries and its status as a transshipment hub also greatly increases the country’s problems with counterfeiting. A recent study carried out by PricewaterhouseCoopers and reported in the magazine stated that counterfeit products make up to 68. 5% of automobile parts in the market, with fake pharmaceuticals, the least hit sector, accounts for 0. 2% of products in the market. It is therefore very critical that all efforts must be directed towards reducing this menace, and obviously, reducing counterfeiting, must involve be from the supply or the demand side. Augusto de Matos, Ituassu & Rossi (2007) rightly contend that actions towards counterfeiting can arise from both supply and demand sides. While acting from the supply side include understanding the incentives, rationale and factors that encourage or influence people to engage in manufacturing counterfeits, the demand angle involves understanding consumer attitudes and willingness to purchase fake products (Vida, 2007). Authors have largely argued that the supply side of counterfeiting has received an undue amount of attention in recent times, with the demand side largely ignored. Also, it is an established economic fact that supply is driven by demand; it is safe to suggest that the increase in global counterfeit trades is partly driven by the increasing consumer demands for cheap, substandard products. For example, the rise in the market for non-deceptive counterfeit products strengthens this argument. Thus, understanding the demand side could be the most important tool in fighting counterfeiting globally. In this regard, this paper, therefore, intends to investigate consumer attitudes or willingness to purchase counterfeit products in Abu Dhabi using a questionnaire approach to unravel the various factors and influences that shape consumer attitudes and behaviors when it comes to purchasing counterfeit products. Theoretical Framework Vida (2007) noted that since the mid 1990s when Elisabeth Hirschman, expressed the need for researchers to explore the ‘dark-side’ of consumer behaviors, literatures investigating and explaining the various factors that influence consumer purchase behaviors, especially with regard to illegal or counterfeit products, have increased considerably. Building on the â€Å"willingness to pay† concept, Vida conceived explored consumers’ willingness to purchase fake products. The author contended that demographic and socio-economic factors like age, gender, education, marital status, income and religiosity shape consumers’ attitude towards counterfeits, innovativeness (desire to be unique) and social pressure. These three, in turn, influence consumers’ willingness to purchase counterfeit products. Also, Xuemei and Veloutsou (2005) in their exploratory study, also reports that personal and social factors significantly influence consumers’ purchase behaviors. The authors contended that personal and social factors such as: value consciousness, normality susceptibility, novelty seeking and collectivism, and five attitude measures: reliability of the product in question, functionality of the product, recognized social benefits of purchasing the product, risks of purchasing and legality of purchasing, influence consumer purchase of counterfeit products. The study found that novelty seeking significantly influences consumer purchase of counterfeits products due to the similar or sometimes, superior quality of counterfeit products. Moreover, in a more elaborate study, Augusto de Matos, Ituassu and Rossi (2007) also found that price quality inference and previous experience, among others, significantly increases the chances of consumers purchasing fake products. This study, drawing from the findings of the studies mentioned above, contends that a consumer attitude towards counterfeit product greatly influences their purchase behavior. It also hypotheses that previous experience with safety concerns, quality of counterfeits with respect to the price, and the intention to use counterfeits to test the product before purchasing the genuine brands, shape consumer attitudes towards counterfeit and subsequently, their purchasing of counterfeit products. Augusto de Matos, Ituassu and Rossi (2007) rightly point out that quality and price are two fundamental factors that shape consumer purchase behavior. Traditionally, consumers believe that lower priced products are of lower quality, and this is largely the case with deceptive counterfeit products. However, with non-deceptive counterfeits products, consumers are offered products of similar or superior quality, compared to the genuine products, at lower prices. The combination of low price and high quality is bound to improve consumer attitudes towards counterfeits. For this reason, it is expected that: Counterfeits with superior quality enhances consumers’ perception and attitudes towards counterfeit products. Safety concerns are one of the most important issues with counterfeit products. These products have been known to pose significant threat to consumer health and safety, especially when it concerns medications and household items. However, not all consumers consider counterfeit goods to be unsafe or dangerous. It is expected that: Consumers who consider counterfeit goods to be unsafe and dangerous will have unfavorable attitudes towards counterfeit products, and vice versa. Lastly, novelty seeking can also influence consumer attitude towards counterfeit products. This feeling refers to individuals’ need for a sense of worth or social recognition; people always want to be seen as special and capable of affording material things. The increasing materialism in the world means that people that cannot afford the finer things of life feel unworthy. Since the presence of cheaper and yet quality counterfeit products provide the opportunity to afford these luxuries, individuals in the lower economic range are often willing to purchase such counterfeit products. Thus, it is expected that the sense of novelty influences consumer attitude towards counterfeit products. Method To investigate the influence of the factors discussed above on consumer attitude towards purchasing counterfeit products, this study surveyed a cross section of individuals in the city regarding their perceptions of counterfeit products. The research instrument adopted was questionnaire. The questionnaires, consisting of a hundred direct questions in Likert scale style, varying from 1 (completely disagree) to 7 (completely agree), were distributed to students on campus at several shopping centers. Because the questionnaires, in most cases, were self administered, respondents were encouraged to answer all the questions provided. Due to this, a total of 95 valid and usable questionnaires were collected at the end of the survey. Of the 95, 30 were below 20years old, 45 between 21 and 25 years old, with the rest above 26years old. With respect to education, more than half of the respondent had at least high school certificate, and interestingly, almost all of them (about 80%) had purchased counterfeit product in the past. Results Table I below presents the total number of questionnaires collated and the mean of responses for each of the variables under investigation. As presented in the table, the mean of respondents who rated superior quality, inexpensive trials and novelty as important factors for considering counterfeit products were 4. 4674, 4. 2211 and 4. 0053 respectively; while the respective standard deviation were 1. 16843, 1. 35759, 1. 17881 N Attitude Superior Quality Tryout Novelty Valid 95 92 95 93 Missing 0 3 0 2 Mean 3. 5447 4. 4674 4. 2211 4. 0053 Std Deviation 1. 33188 1. 16843 1. 35759 1. 17881 Minimum 1. 00 1. 00 1. 00 1. 00 Maximum 7. 00 7. 00 7. 00 7. 00 Table I To further measure the influence of these variables on consumer attitude towards counterfeit products, correlation coefficient was calculated for the variables. The result indicated that all three variables significantly influenced consumer attitudes, with superior quality presenting the most significant influence. For superior quality, r = . 668, r = . 395 for counterfeit products as tryouts, r = . 653 for novelty (correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level for all variables . ) As obvious from the three scatter diagrams above, this study found a significant correlation between the superior quality of counterfeit products and consumers’ favorable attitude towards purchasing such goods. Also, the study showed that consumers see cheap counterfeit goods as an opportunity to tryout products before purchasing them or in other cases, as a better opportunity to own products they, otherwise, will not be able to purchase. Discussion and Recommendations Counterfeiting is a growing global menace resulting in the loss of several billions of dollars annually. In finding the right tool to fight this menace, researchers and policy makers have focused on either the supply side or demand side of the problem, although, there seem to be more attention on the supply side. This paper argued that demand is a major driver of supply and that by understanding the reasons and factors that encourage demand for counterfeits, the fight against counterfeiters will take a different and better dimension. In truth to this assertion, several authors have investigated the personal and social factors that influence demand for counterfeit products. In contribution, this study investigated the influence of three variables: superior quality of counterfeit products, using counterfeit goods as inexpensive trials before purchasing genuine ones, and novelty seeking impulses. The result of this study established the hypotheses proposed earlier that these variables significantly influence demand for counterfeit products. It is an established fact that price and quality are two major determinants of consumer purchase behavior. However, by presenting consumers with superior quality products at lower prices, the tendency to purchase these counterfeits products will be considerably higher than the genuine product, because in doing so; the individuals will be receiving higher value for lesser money than if they have purchased the original. It, thus, becomes easier for consumers to rationalize their actions. The case is also similar for the two other variables, counterfeit products offer consumers the chance of buying products they, ordinarily, will not be able to afford, or the opportunity to try the product before purchasing the original. In both cases, consumers are saving money and achieving their objectives. Recommendations It is apparent that, among other things, price and quality significantly drive demand for counterfeit products. Manufacturers of genuine should strive to provide consumers with products of similar or even quality, compared to fakes, at reasonable prices. Manufacturers should also stress the fact that by purchasing fakes, consumers are increasing the cost of genuine products and destroying the jobs of several others. For as Xuemei and Veloutsou (2005) pointed out, consumers are also influenced by the desire to be accepted by significant others, by emphasizing the moral aspect of purchasing fakes, manufacturers can significantly discourage consumers from purchasing counterfeit products. Conclusion Although, counterfeiting is a serious global problem, very little is known about why consumers choose to patronize such fake products. This study has shown that the superior quality of some fake products, their lower price, which enable consumers to try them out before buying genuine ones or to own products they would not have been able to afford, greatly improve consumer attitudes towards counterfeit products. It is recommended that manufacturers should strive to meet the quality and price of counterfeits to reduce the demand for fake products. References Augusto de Matos, C. , Ituassu, C. T. and Rossi, C. A. V. (2007), Consumer attitudes toward counterfeits: a review and extension, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 24 No. 1 pp. 36-47. Maldonado, C. and Hume, E. (2005), Attitudes toward counterfeit products: an ethical perspective, Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, Jan-July. Managing Intellectual Property (2008), How to tackle fakes in the UAE, Available at http://www. managingip. com/Article/1940730/How-to-tackle-fakes-in-the-UAE. html (Dec 13 2008). Porteous, S. D. (1998), Organized Crime Impact Study Highlights, Paper Prepared for Public Works and Government Services of Canada, Cat. No. JS42-83/1998. Xuemei, B. and Veloutsou, C. (2005), Consumers’ attitudes regarding non-deceptive counterfeit brands in the UK & China, Brand Management, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 211-222. Vida, I. (2007), Determinants of Consumer Willingness to Purchase Non-Deceptive Counterfeit Products, Managing Global Transitions, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 253–270.